FastDFS高可用集群架构配置搭建

admin 2025-09-05 17:07:00

一、基本模块及高可用架构

FastDFS 是余庆老师开发的一个开源的高性能分布式文件系统(DFS)。 它的主要功能包括:文件存储,文件同步和文件访问,以及高容量和负载平衡。

FastDFS 系统有三个角色:跟踪服务器(Tracker Server)、存储服务器(Storage Server)和客户端(Client)。

Tracker Server: 跟踪服务器,主要做调度工作,起到均衡的作用;负责管理所有的storage server和group,每个storage在启动后会连接 Tracker,告知自己所属 group 等信息,并保持周期性心跳。多个Tracker之间是对等关系,不存在单点故障。

Storage Server: 存储服务器,主要提供容量和备份服务;以 group 为单位,每个 group 内可以有多台 storage server,组内的storage server上的数据互为备份。

Client:客户端,上传下载数据的服务器

模块之间的主要关系如下:

下图是实现统一的对外下载访问入口的高可用架构,其中所有的Nginx只做下载用途,上传通过tracker进行上传。

二、环境准备工作

系统软件说明:

名称

说明

CentOS

7.x(安装系统)

libfastcommon

FastDFS分离出的一些公用函数包

FastDFS

FastDFS本体

fastdfs-nginx-module

FastDFS和nginx的关联模块,解决组内同步延迟问题

nginx

nginx 1.12.2(CentOS 7 下YUM可以安装的最新版本)

整个搭建所需环境资源及用途如下表:

名称

IP地址

应用

tracker01

192.168.0.1

FastDFS,libfastcommon

tracker02

192.168.0.2

FastDFS,libfastcommon

storage01

192.168.0.10

FastDFS,libfastcommon,nginx,fastdfs-nginx-module

storage02

192.168.0.11

FastDFS,libfastcommon,nginx,fastdfs-nginx-module

nginx01

192.168.0.100

nginx,keepalived

nginx02

192.168.0.101

nginx,keepalived

VIP

192.168.0.200

-

三、安装过程

1、编译环境准备

说明

位置

所有安装包

/opt/fastdfs

数据存储位置

/data/fastdfs

$ tar -zxvf libfastcommon-1.0.39.tar.gz

#安装编译环境

$ yum groups install Development Tools -y

$ yum install perl -y

$ mkdir -p /opt/fastdfs /data/fastdfs

$ cd /opt/fastdfs #为下一步下载源码做准备

2、安装libfastcommon

#下载文件

$ wget https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.39.tar.gz

$ tar -zxvf libfastcommon-1.0.39.tar.gz

$ cd libfastcommon-1.0.39/

$ ./make.sh

$ ./make.sh install

3、安装FastDFS

$ wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs/archive/V5.11.tar.gz

$ tar -zxvf fastdfs-5.11.tar.gz

$ cd fastdfs-5.11/

$ ./make.sh

$ ./make.sh install

#配置文件准备

$ cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf #tracker节点

$ cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf #storage节点

$ cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf #客户端文件,测试用

$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-5.11/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs/ #供nginx访问使用

$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-5.11/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs/ #供nginx访问使用

tracker server配置:

$ vim /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf

#需要修改的内容如下

port=22122 # tracker服务器端口(默认22122,一般不修改)

base_path=/data/fastdfs # 存储日志和数据的根目录

#编辑启动文件

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/fastdfs-tracker.service

[Unit]

Description=The FastDFS File server

After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf start

ExecStop=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf stop

ExecRestart=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf restart

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload

$ systemctl enable fastdfs-tracker.service

$ systemctl start fastdfs-tracker.service

$ netstat -tulnp #查看服务是否启动,端口是否打开

storage server配置

$ vim /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

#需要修改的内容如下

port=23000 # storage服务端口(默认23000,一般不修改)

base_path=/data/fastdfs # 数据和日志文件存储根目录

store_path0=/data/fastdfs # 第一个存储目录

tracker_server=192.168.0.1:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

tracker_server=192.168.0.2:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

http.server_port=8888 # http访问文件的端口(默认8888,看情况修改,和nginx中保持一致)

#编辑启动文件

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/fastdfs-storage.service

[Unit]

Description=The FastDFS File server

After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]

Type=forking

ExecStart=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf start

ExecStop=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf stop

ExecRestart=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf restart

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload

$ systemctl enable fastdfs-storage.service

$ systemctl start fastdfs-storage.service

$ netstat -tulnp #查看服务是否启动,端口是否打开

#查看集群状态

$ fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf list

[2018-11-06 00:00:00] DEBUG - base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=2, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0, use_connection_pool=0, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s, use_storage_id=0, storage server id count: 0

server_count=2, server_index=0

tracker server is 192.168.0.1:22122

group count: 1

Group 1:

...

Client配置

$ vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf

#需要修改的内容如下

base_path=/data/fastdfs

tracker_server=192.168.0.1:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

tracker_server=192.168.0.2:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

#保存后测试,返回ID表示成功 如:group1/M00/00/00/xx.tar.gz

$ fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf testfile

4、安装nginx和fastdfs-nginx-module

下载nginx module

$ wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module/archive/V1.20.tar.gz

$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs

安装nginx

$ yum install nginx -y

# 查看版本及编译参数

$ nginx -v

$ nginx -V

添加nginx module

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

$ cd nginx-1.12.2/

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/fastcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/scgi --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/run/lock/subsys/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module=dynamic --with-mail=dynamic --with-mail_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-pcre-jit --with-stream=dynamic --with-stream_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module --with-debug --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -Wl,-E' --add-module=/opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/

$ make

$ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx

$ systemctl enable nginx

$ systemctl restart nginx

查看插件是否安装成功:

$ nginx -V

配置nginx访问

$ vim /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf

#需要修改的内容如下

tracker_server=192.168.0.1:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

tracker_server=192.168.0.2:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口

url_have_group_name=true

base_path=/data/fastdfs

store_path0=/data/fastdfs

#配置nginx.config

$ vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#增加如下内容

server {

listen 8888; ## 该端口为storage.conf中的http.server_port相同

server_name localhost;

location ~/group[0-9]/ {

root /data/fastdfs;

ngx_fastdfs_module;

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

}

#测试下载,用外部浏览器访问刚才已传过的文件,引用返回的ID

http://192.168.0.10:8888/group1/M00/00/00/wKgAQ1pysxmAaqhAAA76tz-dVgg.tar.gz

#弹出下载则目前nginx已经OK

注:

在nginx的构建中会遇到不少的报错,具体如下:

./configure: error: the Google perftools module requires the Google perftools library. You can either do not enable the module or install the library.

解决方法如下:

$ yum install gperftools -y

/configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl= options.

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. You can either disable the module by using –without-http_gzip_module option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library statically from the source with nginx by using –with-zlib= option.

解决方法如下:

$ yum install -y zlib-devel

./configure: error: the HTTP XSLT module requires the libxml2/libxslt libraries. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev

$ yum -y install libxslt-devel

./configure: error: the HTTP image filter module requires the GD library. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install gd-devel

./configure: error: perl module ExtUtils::Embed is required

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

./configure: error: the GeoIP module requires the GeoIP library. You can either do not enable the module or install the library.

解决方法如下:

$ yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data

在make过程中会出现一个报错:/usr/include/fastdfs/fdfs_define.h:15:27: fatal error: common_define.h: No such file or directory

解决方法如下:

修改fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/config文件,修改如下:

ngx_module_incs="/usr/include/fastdfs /usr/include/fastcommon/"

CORE_INCS="$CORE_INCS /usr/include/fastdfs /usr/include/fastcommon/"

然后重新./configure && make,就可以了

5、配置文件访问的负载均衡和高可用

在192.168.0.100和101上安装nginx、keepalived

yum install -y nginx keepalived

nginx的配置文件如下:

upstream fdfs_group01 {

server 192.168.0.10:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

server 192.168.0.11:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

location /group01{

proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;

proxy_pass http://fdfs_group01;

expires 30d;

}

}

keepalived配置文件如下:

global_defs {

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_script chk_ngx {

script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"

interval 2

weight -5

fall 3

rise 2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

interface eno16777984

state MASTER

priority 100

virtual_router_id 11

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

unicast_src_ip 192.168.0.100

unicast_peer {

192.168.0.101

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.0.200

}

track_script {

chk_ngx

}

notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"

notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"

notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"

}

check_nginx.sh

#!/bin/bash

counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)

if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then

exit 1

else

exit 0

fi

OK,以上就是所有的安装步骤及相关配置。

文章中有什么疑问或者错误,欢迎大家提出指正。

注:借鉴文章URL如下:

https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs/wiki

https://www.cnblogs.com/youzhibing/p/9187765.html

注:本作品采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可。